What is the cause of abandoning wind?

In the case of frequent haze, the topic of new energy became hot. Recently, some media have stated that the “Three North” region and even the country’s abandonment of wind and light are intensifying, and the new energy company’s maximum power limit is 79%. Then, what are the reasons that lead to the abandonment of wind and abandonment of light, and where is the fundamental way to solve the problem of abandoning wind and abandoning light?

Planning pain

If there are not enough trans-regional power transmission channels, even if the thermal power units in Gansu and Xinjiang are completely stopped, there are still abandoned winds and abandoned lights.

As we all know, China's energy supply and energy demand are in reverse distribution. In terms of resources, "the West is rich in the east, the North is more than South," and the demand is the opposite. It is worth mentioning that this is not only for fossil fuels such as coal and oil, but also for new energy sources such as wind power and solar energy: more than 80% of wind energy resources are distributed in the “Three North” region, and solar energy resources are also “the plateau is larger than the plains, and the western part is larger than the eastern part.” "More than 75% of energy demand is concentrated in the eastern and central regions.

On the one hand, economic development in the “Three North” region is lagging behind, electricity demand is insufficient, and the electricity market is small. On the other hand, fossil energy and new energy are relatively abundant, which inevitably leads to contradictions in the consumption of new energy.

The explosive growth of new energy sources in the “Three North” region in recent years has intensified this contradiction. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", new energy has developed rapidly. In terms of wind power, by the end of 2010, China's grid-connected wind power was 41.827 million kilowatts, which surpassed that of the United States and ranked first in the world. As of the third quarter of 2015, China's wind power installed capacity was 108.85 million kilowatts, which has more than doubled in just 5 years. In 2014, the installed capacity of wind power in the operating areas of the State Grid was 23.196 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 44.2%. In terms of photovoltaic power generation, by the end of 2010, China's photovoltaic installation capacity was 893,000 kilowatts, and by the end of September 2015, this figure had become 37.95 million kilowatts, which has more than quadrupled in five years. In the first three quarters of this year alone, the installed capacity of new photovoltaic power generation nationwide reached 9.9 million kilowatts.

So, can so many new energy installations be completely eliminated locally?

Looking at the situation in Gansu and Xinjiang, the situation is clear at a glance. At present, the installed capacity of Gansu Electric Power is about 45.31 million kilowatts, and the maximum electricity load is only 13 million kilowatts. The installed capacity is 3.42 times the power load, and the power is extremely abundant! Look at new energy: Gansu New Energy installed 11.84 million kilowatts (120,200 kilowatts of wind power), which has exceeded the maximum load of 4.84 million kilowatts. In other words, even if all of Gansu's fossil-fired power plants are shut down (in fact, there must be a considerable portion of thermal power to peak the new energy sources), Gansu will still have abandoned the wind and abandoned it!

The same is true of Xinjiang. The average power load of the Xinjiang power grid is currently reduced to 21 million kilowatts, but the capacity installed at the end of 2014 reached 51.216 million kilowatts, and the power is also seriously surplus. Xinjiang's new energy installed capacity has exceeded 15 million kilowatts, which is 71.42% of the electricity load. Therefore, Yang Yongli, deputy director of the Xinjiang Electric Power Dispatching Control Center, said: "Given the fact that there must be a certain number of thermal power plants for peaking new energy, even if all power grids use new energy power, we must also discard some of them."

The situation in Gansu and Xinjiang is just a microcosm of the new energy consumption in the “Three North” region. In the “Three North” region, where the installed capacity of thermal power in each province is already abundant, and new energy installed capacity is developing rapidly, if there is only one way to avoid wind curbs and light losses, build a cross-regional power transmission channel and install new energy power. Send out the "Northern North" outside of the Middle East. Considering that the construction period of wind farms and photovoltaic power stations is short, and the construction period of transmission channels is long, in order to guarantee the completion of new energy power plants that can be delivered, the transmission channel project must be approved and started in advance.

But the key is that the reality is exactly the opposite! The approval of the cross-regional transmission channel in the “Three North” region has not only not been advanced, but has greatly lagged behind. At present, in the “Three North” region, only Xinjiang has a large-capacity power transmission route to the central and eastern regions. Other provinces are either not established or are under construction.

In this case, it is inevitable that the wind is abandoned and abandoned.

Difficulties

Replacement of power generation rights and replacement of electricity are good expedients, and today's dispatching support system is a good guarantee for the "one bowl of water leveling" of new energy power stations.

In the case of few trans-regional power transmission channels being planned or under construction, it is certainly not possible to sit back and watch new energy consumption. When new energy sources are difficult to absorb locally, they must also think of ways to do so. In this regard, taking into account efficiency and fairness, it has become an inevitable choice for power grid companies and new energy companies.

In the “Three North” region where the wind will be abandoned and the light will be abandoned in any case, grid companies have racked their brains to discard the wind and discard the light.

The proportion of privately-owned power plants in many provinces in the “Three North” region is high, and they have occupied the market of public power plants, which is another important reason for the limited consumption of new energy. In this regard, grid companies in Gansu and Xinjiang invariably thought of a solution.

In Jinchang, where PV accounts for 47.87% of the total installed capacity, the power supply company proposed in 2014 an innovative initiative on the spot to dissipate - replacement of generation rights, that is, the captive power plant will transfer generation rights to the photovoltaic power station, and the PV power station will provide power for each kilowatt-hour. The standby power plant returned 0.27 yuan. The first “eat crab” Jintaidong Datang Photovoltaic Power Plant earned 110 million yuan after deducting the rebates and over-grid fees from the captive power plant after executing a replacement contract of 4.2 million kilowatt-hour generation rights with the captive power plant. In the new normal economy, 110 million yuan is a big gain for photovoltaic power plants. From January to November 2015, Gansu New Energy replaced the power of self-contained power plants totaling 1.747 billion kwh.

Since 2015, the State Grid Xinjiang Power Company has also begun to take similar measures to promote the use of new energy on the spot. At present, there are 91 wind power and photovoltaic companies participating in the power generation right replacement transaction in Xinjiang, replacing 5.35 million kilowatts of installed capacity. From the beginning of this year to November, a total of 260 million kilowatt hours of electricity was replaced. It is expected that after December, 500 million kWh of alternative electricity will be added. It is worth mentioning that the State Grid Xinjiang Power is also opening up a second market in addition to the grid to absorb new energy - to study the use of surplus wind power to produce hydrogen from electrolyzed water.

Different from Gansu and Xinjiang, the state-owned Mengdong Electric Power and Jilin Power tried to use “electricity substitution” to absorb surplus wind power. In November 2011, the first national wind power consumption demonstration project and the Jilin Province Clean Heating Demonstration Project Jilin Funan Thermal Power Station were put into operation. Under the careful dispatch of the State Grid Jilin Power, a heating period of the station can consume 27 million kilowatt-hours of wind power on the spot. From the beginning of 2013, the State Grid Mengdong Electric Power Co., Ltd. cooperated with the government to carry out clean heating pilots and replaced coal with low-voltage electricity from wind farms to provide heat for remote towns. By 2015, the company has invested 68.55 million yuan for the construction of supporting power grids for wind power heating pilot projects. The pilot wind power installed capacity was 588,000 kilowatts, and the annual increase in wind power consumption was 149 million kilowatt hours.

"If you don't suffer from inequality and suffer from inequality," you must consider not only benefits but also fairness. In the great situation that will inevitably have to abandon the wind and abandon the light, the grid companies adopt advanced technology in the dispatching and allow new energy power stations to access the Internet with "a bowl of water."

"So many new energy power plants, who will send who does not send, how much this hair, how much that hair, everyone is staring at you, how to balance a bowl of water?" State Grid Gansu Province Electric Power Co., Ltd. developed and applied new energy active intelligence The control system will include all wind farms and photovoltaic power stations in the province. In this system, new energy companies can openly and transparently apply for on-grid power, and can also see at a glance all the data of the power grid and other new energy power plants. Through this system, Gansu New Energy’s on-grid electricity has increased by 7%, and more importantly, no new energy company has questioned its fairness.

The rule of the root

Jiuquan-Hunan UHV is put into operation this year. Gansu theoretically has not abandoned the wind; the planned Judong-East China UHV can consume 7.7 million kilowatts of new energy power.

Although efforts to absorb new energy on the ground have never ceased, power grid companies and new energy power generation companies all know that sending new energy power from the “Three North” region out of the region is the solution to the problem of disposing of wind and light. Of the policy.

Yang Xiufeng, deputy general manager of Datang Xinjiang Clean Energy Co., Ltd., said that the development of wind power in the Altay region and Tacheng region of Xinjiang has only begun to take shape and has not yet reached the bottleneck of the million kilowatts. Simply relying on local consumption in Xinjiang, wind power has no way to carry out large-scale development. He believes that only by drawing on the experience of Hami-based wind power bases in UHV delivery and launching the mode of delivery and acceptance, can we develop Xinjiang's massive wind power resources.

Statistical data confirm the correctness of Yang Xiufeng's thinking. Similarly, in Gansu and Xinjiang, where electricity is abundant and wind power is relatively close, because of the UHV channel, in this round of disuse, the situation in Xinjiang is obviously better than that in Gansu. As of October 2015, the installed capacity of wind power in Xinjiang was 9.43 million kW, and that in Gansu was 12.02 million kW. From January to October, the number of wind utilization hours in Xinjiang was 1,438 hours, and 12.443 billion kWh was generated, while the utilization hours of wind power in Gansu Province was only 1051 hours. 11.068 billion kwh.

Because of this, Gansu power grid companies and new energy companies have high hopes for the Jiuquan-Hunan ±800 kV UHV project that is under construction and expected to be put into operation in 2017. They believe that if the UHV project is put into operation this year, Gansu will not have a disused wind: The project can deliver 42 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, of which 40% (16.8 billion kwh) is new energy. From January to October of this year, the cumulative wind discarded by the Northwest Grid, including Gansu, did not reach 13.3 billion kWh.

The State Grid Corporation of Communications has communicated and reported to the relevant departments through various means to strive for early approval of UHV power transmission channels. For the approved cross-regional power channels, such as the Jiuquan-Hunan UHVDC transmission project, the company will speed up the construction and strive to build and put into operation as soon as possible. The company is also actively promoting the approval of ± 1100 kV UHVDC transmission projects in Zhundong-Chengdu and Zhundong-Eastern China. The two projects have a total transportation capacity of 24 million kilowatts. Only the eastern Jiangsu-East China UHV project can deliver 5.2 million kilowatts of wind power in Xinjiang and 2.5 million kilowatts of photovoltaic power.

According to industry insiders, at the beginning of the “12th Five-Year” period of rapid development of new energy sources, relevant state departments will be able to recognize the importance and urgency of the coordinated development of new energy sources and power grid projects, and approve a batch of “Three Norths” in advance. As for the regional power transmission channel project, then, the winds in the “Three North” region will not be so severely abandoned. It will be much better than it is now.