Superconducting chain is committed to solving the problem of communication and collaboration between merchants. It has a general blockchain ledger function, is based on multi-chain hybrid consensus algorithm, Turing's complete smart contract system, and is based on solidity language. It is innovative when designing superconducting chains. The combination of alliance chain and public chain is proposed. The alliance chain is easy to build and access, and has the function of creating and issuing alliance coins. The main chain supports the free transaction of alliance coins and main chain coins. The wallet supports the creation of alliance coins with one click, and can be connected to exchanges. As the exchange of rights and values ​​within the alliance, the alliance chain has flexible alliance authority, efficient operation mechanism, respects the rights and interests of merchants' data, and protects the personal privacy of merchants. The public chain serves as the core platform for the exchange of value and rights among various alliances in our superconducting chain. Through the superconducting public chain, users can exchange value between coins in the alliance and coins in the public chain, so that the income in the alliance can be converted into other values. Superconducting Chain has technical developers who have been engaged in blockchain for many years. From the perspective of users, it meets various scenarios of superconducting users. It not only has in-depth consideration and practice in terms of consensus, virtual machine, DAPP, etc., especially in public chains and alliances In-depth research on the interaction of the chain. We hope that the superconducting chain can not only meet the needs of users and become the technology of the underlying financial infrastructure, but also go to the public like the Internet and serve life. 1. Technical overview Superconducting chain is committed to solving the problem of communication and collaboration between merchants, and innovatively proposes the combination of alliance chain and public chain when designing superconducting chain. As the exchange of rights and values ​​within the alliance, the alliance chain has flexible alliance authority, efficient operation mechanism, respects the rights and interests of merchants' data, and protects the personal privacy of merchants. The public chain serves as the core platform for the exchange of value and rights among various alliances in our superconducting chain. Through the superconducting public chain, users can exchange value between coins in the alliance and coins in the public chain, so that the income in the alliance can be converted into other values. Superconducting Chain has technical developers who have been in the blockchain industry for many years. From the perspective of users, it meets various scenarios of superconducting users. It not only has in-depth consideration and practice in terms of consensus, virtual machine, DAPP, etc. Especially in-depth research on the interaction between the public chain and the alliance chain. We hope that the superconducting chain can not only meet the needs of users, but also lead the times in technology. 1. Technical Architecture Superconducting has designed a new superconducting blockchain architecture based on its own technical experience, so that it can provide users with highly reliable storage and transaction guarantees at the bottom of the technology, and at the same time provide users with convenient access services. Superconducting Chain Design superconducting blockchain according to the actual situation. The technical architecture is shown in the following figure: Storage layer: Superconductor provides a plug-in mechanism for storage, flexibly accesses multiple storage engines, and provides suitable storage mechanisms for different storage scenarios. Ensure efficient and safe storage. Superconducting blockchain storage continues to use the important characteristics of data blockchain, chain structure, hash function, and Merkle tree. Network layer: Superconducting deeply optimizes the superconducting public chain and alliance chain at the network layer. New design for block broadcast, transaction broadcast, consensus interaction, and interaction between public chain and alliance chain. Ensure the fast and stable network. The superconducting chain consists of a public chain and a consortium chain, and multiple consortium chains and public chains are seamlessly connected. Well as shown below: Application layer: Superconducting provides users with a complete application ecology, which is convenient for users to create superconducting DAPPs. Superconductor also has a built-in decentralized exchange, which facilitates the exchange of Superconductor Coin and Tokens of various alliances. User layer: Superconductivity From the perspective of users, Superconductivity Wallet provides convenient access services for public chains and alliance chains. 2. Account Model The superconducting chain is divided from the perspective of technical architecture, and accounts are divided into public chain accounts and alliance chain accounts. The various superconducting alliances are part of the superconducting ecology. In order to facilitate the exchange of various alliances and public chains. Superconductor provides a unified account function for each consortium chain and public chain. Users who create users in any chain will have the same account in other consortium chains. For the convenience of operation, we have improved the wallet, and the same wallet account can be switched between the public chain and the alliance chain, which is convenient for users to operate the assets of each chain. Both the superconducting chain public chain account and the alliance chain account are generated using the ECDSA-secp256k1 digital signature algorithm. EC is the abbreviation of elliptic curve, the shape of the ellipse is determined by the secp256k1 parameter, and DSA is the abbreviation of digital signature algorithm. The public key of the superconducting chain is calculated from the private key, and the superconducting chain account can be a string generated by the public key through a series of hashing and transformation, and then encoded by Base58. 3. Transaction of superconducting chain There are many types of transaction types of superconducting chains, as shown in the following figure: Transfer transaction of superconducting chain: any public chain node of superconducting chain accepts the transfer transaction of sending tokens, and can execute it in the public chain. Superconducting chain contract creation: that is, sending a new contract to the superconducting chain, and sending the contract code to any public chain node when it occurs. After verification, it can be executed on the public chain. Alliance chain certificate transaction: When a user in the alliance chain needs to transfer the data to the public chain for deposit, it can be initiated by the user, notarized by each node of the alliance chain, forwarded to the public chain node, and executed on the public chain. Transaction within the alliance chain: The transaction is a transaction running within the alliance, and the transaction only needs to be agreed within the alliance chain. Alliance link entry transaction: This is a special transaction. The transaction is accompanied by some genesis block parameter information of the alliance chain, which will create information such as the routing of the alliance chain. Public chain transaction sequence diagram: use the record to send the transaction to the public chain node, the public chain returns the transaction credentials, and after the public chain is processed, Dapp reversely checks the transaction processing result of the public chain node. Consortium chain transaction sequence diagram: when sending transactions directly to the consortium chain Consortium chain transaction sent to the public chain: When the consortium chain transaction is sent to the public chain, the public chain performs forwarding, and the alliance chain processes the transaction. The result can only be checked from the corresponding alliance chain or on the corresponding alliance chain browser. This is beneficial to directly use the public chain to broadcast transactions when some environments cannot connect to the alliance link point. Alliance chain transaction notarization: When the alliance chain has a transaction request for public chain notarization, the alliance chain first processes the request, then forwards it to the public chain, and then notarizes it by the public chain. 4. Virtual machines and smart contracts: As a new generation of blockchain, superconductivity also supports smart contracts to enrich our superconductivity ecosystem. Superconductor conducts research on contract virtual machines on the market. It is found that Solidity language occupies a high proportion in the field of smart contracts. In order to facilitate the porting of existing smart contracts and enable developers to develop quickly. Superconductivity also uses Solidity language as the development language of our superconducting smart contracts, and Superconductivity also transplants EVM into our superconducting chain. However, there is a big difference in the execution efficiency of EVM compared to the virtual machine performance of traditional languages. The superconducting development team is also exploring the field of virtual machines, considering the introduction of X86 virtual machines to be more closely integrated with the operating system and hardware, and solving the performance problems of virtual machines will be an important part of our follow-up work. 5. Consensus algorithm: As the 'soul' of the blockchain, consensus is constantly innovating with new algorithms. Superconducting Chain also has in-depth research on consensus. Different consensus can guide the community, guide the ecological model of the entire ecology, and create different community cultures. Superconductor pursues the concept of fairness and freedom. Superconductor hopes to use the superconductivity consensus to solve the problem of the entire ecological value exchange and economic incentives. The superconducting chain consists of two types of consensus, the public chain consensus and the alliance consensus. It is intended to solve the rapid value exchange between merchants and users, achieve or even exceed the user experience of traditional application architecture, and solve the problems of registration, notarization and value transfer of merchants between alliances. The superconducting public chain consensus has both the rights and interests of ordinary miners and currency holders, while the alliance chain focuses on rapid confirmation and mathematical integrity verification, and there are a variety of alliance chain consensus algorithms to adapt to different application scenarios. Consortium chain and public chain asset transfer The superconducting chain is a multi-chain structure of the alliance chain and the public chain. The superconducting technical team has designed a multi-chain asset transfer (MCTA) scheme according to the characteristics of superconducting itself. In the MCTA scheme, the alliance chain needs to pledge assets to the public chain, and the funds are used to exchange superconducting Coins and alliance Tokens. The funds are stored through PAPC (Public Chain Asset Contract). When using this contract to transfer assets, participants in the alliance chain need to perform multi-signature to unlock the assets inside to ensure the security of the assets. For the nodes in the alliance chain, each consensus node in the alliance chain will have the proxy signatures of other consensus nodes. There are many benefits to leveraging proxy signatures: 1. Unforgeability: In addition to the original signer, only the designated proxy signer can generate a valid proxy signature on behalf of the original signer. 2. Verifiability: From the proxy signature, the verifier can trust the original signer to agree with the signed message. 3. Non-repudiation: Once the proxy signer has produced a valid proxy signature in place of the original signer, he cannot deny the original signer the valid proxy signature he signed. 4. Distinguishability: Anyone can distinguish between the proxy signature and the normal original signer's signature. Proxy signer's deviaTIon The proxy signer MUST create a valid proxy signature that can be detected as a proxy signature. 5. Identifiability: The original signer can determine the identity of the proxy signer from the proxy signature. Through the proxy signature scheme, we can easily identify who issued the transaction, and can trace back this information in the event of malicious behavior. A dual LPC channel will be established between the public chain and the consortium chain, which are used to send transfer transactions to the consortium chain first to the public chain and obtain the execution results of the public chain transfer transactions. The channel is completely pulled, that is, the alliance chain actively requests the public chain. The main purpose of this design is to reduce the public chain network, but the performance is negative. There is LAC (Alliance Asset Contract) in the alliance chain. When users want to exchange assets, they need to transfer the alliance Token to this contract. In the alliance chain, the user's Token can be transferred from the LAC contract only by obtaining the specified PAC transfer result information. There is also PAC (Public Chain Asset Contract) in the public chain. It is used for the exchange of public chain users to the alliance chain assets. Before the exchange, the public chain users need to transfer the public chain Coins to this contract. Alliance Token exchange for public chain Coin 1. The user transfers tokens to the LAC contract 2. The alliance platform initiates a transfer request to the PAPC contract from the public chain. The request includes information such as LAC transaction hash, user signature and platform signature (proxy signature). 3. The public chain will transfer Coin from the PAPC contract to the designated user account 4. The alliance chain obtains the public chain transaction execution information through the LPC channel. After the success, the assets in the LAC are unlocked and transferred through the transaction execution information Public chain Coin exchange alliance Token 1. The user transfers Coin to the public chain contract PAC 2. The alliance platform will transfer the Token to the user after receiving the PAC execution result 3. The platform sends information such as user signatures and transaction execution results within the alliance to the public chain PAC 4. The public chain performs the verification operation to unlock the funds and transfer them to the alliance platform account Decentralized Exchange The genesis block of the superconducting chain public chain has a built-in decentralized exchange. Its core logic lies in smart contracts. The exchange executes code blocks on the superconducting chain in the form of smart contracts, which has the characteristics of distributed, unchangeable and traceable. management of funds The exchange completely transfers the management of funds to the user. When the user uses the exchange, he needs to transfer the assets to the smart contract, and the funds are all on the superconducting chain blockchain ledger. At any time and under any circumstances, users can withdraw or recharge assets without any third-party assistance. There are two types of currencies traded on the exchange, the superconducting chain Coin and the consortium chain’s mapping Token in the public chain, the superconducting chain Coin as the denominated currency, when deposited into the contract, it is identified by 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000, and other consortium chain Tokens are identified by their respective consortium chain account numbers The address is the identification. The exchange is mainly divided into five parts: on-chain smart contracts, transaction matching services, mobile wallets, user UI, and operation UI. On-chain smart contract: the core processing of the exchange, including functions such as fund management, identity verification, deposit, withdrawal, and accounting. Matchmaking service: Considering the operation efficiency of smart contracts, the superconducting matchmaking service is completed using the off-chain system. After the identity verification is verified by the public chain, it is matched by it, and then the smart contract on the superconducting chain is called to complete. Mobile wallet, exchange user UI, and operation UI provide necessary convenience for users and operators. Deposit and withdrawal process Pending order process Take order process DAPP Superconducting chain is committed to creating a shared alliance ecology, and DAPP plays a crucial role as a bridge between users and superconducting chain. Through the mobile DAPP development strategy, the technical advantages of the blockchain are brought to different industry alliance users and ordinary users. Through the efficient and fast distribution of the superconducting DAPP Store, the superconducting chain will be promoted to more ordinary Internet users. The Dapp architecture is shown in the following figure: Token distribution ratio The total circulation of SCT is 500 million, and 210 million are created at one time with the superconducting chain creation block. In the later stage, 290 million will be incentivized by the community, accounting for 4.2% of the total technology development, 2.1% of the foundation, 2.1% of the operation team, 4.2% of business promotion, 8.4% of angel investment, and 21% of subscription, as shown in Figure 7-1: Small Vacuum Cleaner,Cordless Vacuum Cleaner,Handheld Vacuum Cleaner,Portable Vacuum Cleaner Ningbo ATAP Electric Appliance Co.,Ltd , https://www.atap-airfryer.com
