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With the development of the times and the needs of society, the subway construction industry is booming. At the same time, the problem of energy consumption in subway operation, especially lighting consumption, has become particularly important. The problem of lighting consumption has caused serious problems in building a safe and harmonious traffic environment. Therefore, how to solve the problem of subway lighting is a topic that is constantly being explored in today's society. one. Metro energy-saving lighting
At present, the lamps used in subway lighting have high-pressure sodium lamps, fluorescent lamps, high-frequency electrodeless lamps, and LED lamps. Among them, high-pressure sodium lamps and fluorescent lamps use gas discharge and storage lighting. The induction lamp is based on the combination of gas discharge and high frequency electromagnetic induction, and its illumination is more avant-garde and better. LED is a semiconductor light-emitting diode based on injection-type electro-luminescence, with long aging, high illumination intensity and long range. It is a modern and advanced lighting technology.
High-pressure sodium lamp is the main lighting material for subway lighting in China, but the new LED lamp has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, long service life, convenient maintenance, stable working voltage, low sitting temperature and green environmental protection. It is a strong competition for subway lighting. product. With the rapid development of white LEDs in technology and standards, LED lighting appliances have become the main mobile products in the market of light source lamps. LED energy-saving lighting integration technology
Metro lighting energy-saving technology should reflect integration and principle, and focus on the three links of “environmental energy conservation, mode energy conservation, and energy conservation controlâ€.
The first one is to test the external environment according to the brightness required by the subway, and achieve energy-saving goals on the basis of ensuring driving. The first is the mastery of the external environment. First, we must measure the brightness of the night at the scene, and do measures to enhance the luminosity at night: after the completion of the review, the external brightness of the rainy season should be tested, and the lighting design and design correction before implementation should be targeted. Effectively control the environmental factors of lighting energy saving. Strengthening the energy conservation and environmental protection of the subway requires detailed and thorough testing of the specific environment of the outside world. It is required to combine the efficiency of the subway driving and the energy saving and environmental protection as the standard. The brightness of the external environment is tested and tested in different periods, and the subway with high performance ratio is obtained. The brightness value is needed, so as to reduce energy consumption during the construction of the subway and achieve energy saving.
The second is to establish a control system to achieve high-end energy conservation. In view of the influence of night subway brightness, railway traffic volume and driving speed on the external brightness, the external lighting control system is intended to be composed of stepless control with external brightness as the standard and hierarchical control with subway traffic and driving speed as the standard.
Thirdly, based on the breakthrough research results obtained by the combination of the control system and the LED lighting technology, the stepless control low-voltage signal based on the brightness required for the subway driving is realized. The maximum and minimum power of today's luminaires have been optimized. Thereafter, the system control voltage is correspondingly reduced or increased as the external brightness increases or decreases, controlling the lighting of the luminaire and the increase or decrease of the brightness required for the subway driving until the night lighting mode is converted. Feasibility of LED lighting fixtures placed in the subway
1, LED has practicality
LED lighting fixtures can meet the lighting needs in an appropriate environment, especially where the subway lighting requirements are high. Among them, the luminous efficiency of LED plays a key role. Its LED technology has developed rapidly in recent years, and the luminous efficiency of commercial products has been continuously improved, basically breaking through the bottleneck of practical technology of high power, high illumination and small volume. The second LED lamp uses a white LED as the light source, and the color rendering index is very high. In practice, the effect of a light source with a low color rendering index can be achieved, that is, equivalent brightness.
2, LED has reliability
LED lamps are still in the experimental stage in subway lighting. There is no uniform qualitative product on the market, and the ability in type, organization, structure and standard is not easy. The results of the research and practice indicate that it is necessary to put forward control requirements for the quality and structure of the subway LED lamps for the technical characteristics of the LEDs.
First, the quality of the LED module is very reliable, but it also has its instability. In the normal working environment, the LED suddenly fails, or the light decay in a short time indicates that the supply lacks quality supervision. Therefore, to control the supply of goods to ensure quality, standards need to be established and testing is widely implemented.
Second, the reliability of the LED lighting circuit. There are three types of LED module combinations: series, parallel, and series and parallel. The series connection of cross-current power supply and the technology of disconnection conduction are required to ensure the safety and reliability of the LED lamps.
Third, the effectiveness of LED lamps for heat dissipation. LED lamps have a good heat dissipation function to provide illumination for continuous and stable operation. Therefore, in preventing the light decay of the LED operation, controlling the LED life light plug requires that the LED pay attention to optimize the structure, strengthen the heat dissipation, and maintain the low temperature.
Fourth, the coordination of the life of LED lamps. LED lamps have a long life and are affected by light decay, heat conduction parts of lamps, circuit boards, reflectors, etc. Therefore, the modular structure of the lamps and the separation of the light source are the basis for ensuring the life of the LED lamps.
3, the economical energy saving of LED in the subway <br> For the economics of LED lighting appliances. Analysis of the advantages of LED in the subway launch. There are several aspects:
First, the price of LED lamps is relatively high, which increases the cost of system construction. However, LED lamps consume less energy, reduce the scale of the system, and reduce the construction costs, which is not only conducive to the reduction of economic investment, but also conducive to the energy-saving work of the subway.
Second, the advantages of LED luminaires in terms of functional wear and life have greatly reduced power consumption and maintenance costs during operation. Compared with the system to directly save electricity costs after the implementation of the system, the initial investment of 3.3 million yuan is very cost-effective. In terms of economic value during the same period, it can also reduce consumption and ensure railway energy conservation.
Third, the luminous efficiency of the LED module is constantly increasing, and the construction cost will be more inclined to favor the direction of the LED system.
Fourth, reasonable value and fine design are the key to the energy-saving advantages of LED lighting systems and their economic value. High-pressure sodium lamps are also an ideal platform for researching energy-saving integrated technologies in lighting systems. In the energy-saving environment such as environment, mode and control, the advantages of LED lighting system in terms of luminous efficiency, color rendering index and service life gradually accumulate the advantages of the stroke system. Uncertainty about the factors of subtle instability often leads to wrong information. Operating LED lighting work not only saves the economy, but also has a positive impact on the sustainable development of resources. Technical standards for subway LED lighting
LED technology is in rapid development, but the quality control standards of LED modules and LED tunnel luminaires are uneven, which has caused many confusions for the promotion and application of LED technology. Work to unify and improve relevant standards to ensure the healthy development of this technology is underway.
The Ministry of Communications "Design Specification for Metro Ventilation Lighting" has not yet formulated specific standards and regulations for LED lighting technology. LED lighting technology is used as a reference for high-pressure sodium lamps to limit its characteristics. Therefore, it is also necessary to correct and improve the corresponding specifications and promote the rational use of the technology. In progress. to sum up
Many countries have paid attention to the development and application of LED technology. The "Next Generation Lighting Plan" formulated by the United States in 2000 was included in the Energy Act. In 2000, the European Union launched the "Rainbow Plan" to specifically promote LED applications. In 2003, China was organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology to form the “National Semiconductor Lighting Project Coordination Leading Groupâ€. Many provincial transportation industries have started research in this area. On the basis of existing research results and practical experience, through further research and solving the problems in LED lighting technology, the LED lighting technology investment of Beijing Metro Station was promoted, and the energy-saving test of subway lighting technology was first realized, and good results were obtained. And satisfaction. In the application of subway LED lighting energy-saving technology has research and development points, but there are still many problems, we need to explore and improve. The promotion and development of LED lamps will save us valuable resources and protect the living environment.
It is estimated that by the end of 2020, the total length of urban rail transit planning in China will exceed 6,000 kilometers (excluding railcars and city rails). After deducting the operating lines that have been opened, the average annual operating mileage will be around 900 kilometers. The number of cities with traffic will reach 40 or so, and the amount of investment in rail transit will reach 3-4 trillion yuan.