Abstract: The initialization sequence of the DS31256 Envoy HDLC controller before sending data packets.

Overview According to the design, the DS31256 will not control the PCI bus after power-up. All physical ports (ports 0 to 15) send all 1s (non-HDLC idle codes), so the DS31256 is idle after power-up. On the other hand, DS31256 can initialize RAM-based memory, including direct and indirect, used to store the state of the internal state machine. DS31256 has many very complex state machines and interacting functional modules, so after power-up, all these internal registers / RAM must be initialized to a known state before sending and receiving any data packets. It is recommended that users follow the steps in Table 1 to initialize before sending data packets.

Table 1. Initialization steps of DS31256
IniTIalizaTIon Step Comments
1. System reset.
System reset can be invoked by either hardware acTIon via the PRST-bar signal or software acTIon via the RST control bit in the Master Reset and ID register; all the internal device configuration registers are set to zero (0000h).
2. Configure Local Bus Bridge Mode Control register (LBBMC), if DS31256 is used in bridge mode.
Please note that these registers are not affected by a software-invoked system reset. It will be forced to all zeros only by hardware reset.
3. Initialize the PCI configuration registers.
Achieved by asserting the PIDSEL signal.
4. Master software reset.
Master software reset in MRID register.
5. Initialize all indirect registers to zero.
It is recommended that all the indirect registers be set to 0000h. See Table 2 for a list of all indirect registers.
6. Master software reset.
Master software reset in MRID register.
7. Configure the device for operation.
Program all the necessary registers, which includes the Layer One, HDLC, FIFO, and DMA registers, but except:
1. Ports are disabled; keep layer-one ports off by leaving the TFDA1 bits to 0 (default state) in TP [n] CR register.
2. HDLC channels are disabled.
3. DMA and DMA channels are disabled.
4. In high-speed unchannelized mode, set it to low-speed unchannelized mode in the RP [n] CR register and enable it to high-speed unchannelized mode in Step 12 (see below).
8. Enable the HDLC channels.
Done via the RCHEN and TCHEN bits in the R [n] CFG [j] and T [n] CFG [j] registers.
9. Load the DMA descriptors.
Indicate to the DMA where packet data can be written and where pending data (if any) resides.
10. Enable the DMAs.
Done via the RDE and TDE control bits in the Master Configuration (MC) register.
11. Enable DMA for each HDLC channel.
Done via the channel-enable bit in the receive and transmit configuration RAM.
12. Turns on HDLC channels.
Enable and allow ports to transmit normally, set TFDA1 bits to 1 in TP [n] CR registers. Note: For high-speed unchannelized mode only, enable high-speed unchannelized in RP [n] CR register.
13. Wait enough time for all configurations to take effect.
It is going to take a minimum of 500µs or 768 RC and TC clock cycles (which ever is longer) before packet data can be processed.

Note: It is recommended to perform a "hardware reset" after the DS31256 is powered on.

Table 2. Indirect registers
Offset / Address Register Name Number of Indirect Registers Data Sheet Section
0x3xx Channelized Port Data Indirect Select (CP0RDIS to CP15RDIS) 6144 (16 Ports x 128 DS0 Channels x 3 Registers for each DS0 Channel) 6.3
0x400 Receive HDLC Channel Definition Indirect Select (RHCDIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 7.2
0x480 Transmit HDLC Channel Definition Indirect Select (THCDIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 7.2
0x770 Receive DMA Configuration Indirect Select (RDMACIS) 1536 (one for each HDLC Channel) 9.3.5
0x870 Transmit DMA Configuration Indirect Select (TDMACIS) 3072 (one for each HDLC Channel) 9.3.5
0x900 Receive FIFO Staring Block Pointer Indirect Select (RFSBPIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 8.2
0x910 Receive FIFO Block Pointer Indirect Select (RFBPIS) 1024 (one for each FIFO Block) 8.2
0x920 Receive FIFO High Watermark Indirect Select (RFHWMIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 8.2
0x980 Transmit FIFO Staring Block Pointer (TFSBPIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 8.2
0x990 Transmit FIFO Block Pointer Indirect Select (TFBPIS) 1024 (one for each FIFO Block) 8.2
0x9A0 Transmit FIFO Low Watermark Indirect Select (TFLWMIS) 256 (one for each HDLC Channel) 8.2

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